Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre

Stephen G Ball

BHF Professor of Cardiology

Cardiovascular and Neuronal Remodelling

Qualifications: PhD FRCP

Email: S.G.Ball@leeds.ac.uk

Telephone: 0113 392 5404

Research Area

Tissue remodelling in cardiovascular disease, clinical utility of cardiac MR, and genetics of ischaemic heart disease (BHF Family Heart Study Collaboration)

Recent Projects

British Heart Foundation: Unit Funding. Ball SG. £1,275,268. (2009-12) British Heart Foundation: Infrastructure Grant. S, Plein, JP Greenwood, SG Ball, D Buckley, JP Ridgway, S Radjenovic. A new 3T cardiac magnetic resonance scanner. £500,000 (2009). British Heart Foundation: J Ainscough, M Drinkhill, N Turner, SG Ball Regulation of cardiac fibrosis through cardiomyocyte specific AT1 receptor dependent mechanisms: an inducible transgenic approach 2009-12 £200,141. British Heart Foundation: SG Ball & JP Greenwood, S Plein, UM Sivananthan, A Radjenovic, JP Ridgway, J Nixon and J Brown. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in coronary heart disease: from research to clinical practice. £1,290,448. (2005-12)

Publications

All

Schunkert H; Koenig IR; Kathiresan S; Reilly MP; Assimes TL; Holm H; Preuss M; Stewart AFR; Barbalic M; Gieger C; Absher D; Aherrahrou Z; Allayee H; Altshuler D; Anand SS; Andersen K; Anderson JL; Ardissino D; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Barnes TA; Becker DM; Becker LC; Berger K; Bis JC; Boekholdt SM; Boerwinkle E; Braund PS; Brown MJ; Burnett MS; Buysschaert I; Carlquist JF; Chen L; Cichon S; Codd V; Davies RW; Dedoussis G; Dehghan A; Demissie S; Devaney JM; Diemert P; Do R; Doering A; Eifert S; El Mokhtari NE; Ellis SG; Elosua R; Engert JC; Epstein SE; de Faire U; Fischer M; Folsom AR; Freyer J; Gigante B; Girelli D; Gretarsdottir S; Gudnason V; Gulcher JR; Halperin E; Hammond N; Hazen SL; Hofman A; Horne BD; Illig T; Iribarren C; Jones GT; Jukema JW; Kaiser MA; Kaplan LM; Kastelein JJP; Khaw K; Knowles JW; Kolovou G; Kong A; Laaksonen R; Lambrechts D; Leander K; Lettre G; Li M; Lieb W; Loley C; Lotery AJ; Mannucci PM; Maouche S; Martinelli N; McKeown PP; Meisinger C; Meitinger T; Melander O; Merlini PA; Mooser V; Morgan T; Muehleisen TW; Muhlestein JB; Muenzel T; Musunuru K; nahrstaedt J; Nelson CP; Noethen MM; Olivieri O; Patel RS; Patterson CC; Peters A; Peyvandi F; Qu L; Quyyumi AA; Rader DJ; Rallidis LS; Rice C; Rosendaal FR; Rubin D; Salomaa V; Sampietro ML; Sandhu MS; Schadt E; Schaefer A; Schillert A; Schreiber S; Schrezenmeir J; Schwartz SM; Siscovick DS; Sivananthan M; Sivapalaratnam S; Smith A; Smith TB; Snoep JD; Soranzo N; Spertus JA; Stark K; Stirrups K; Stoll M; Tang WHW; Tennstedt S; Thorgeirsson G; Thorleifsson G; Tomaszewski M; Uitterlinden AG; van Rij AM; Voight BF; Wareham NJ; Wells GA; Wichmann H; Wild PS; Willenborg C; Witteman JCM; Wright BJ; Ye S; Zeller T; Ziegler A; Cambien F; Goodall AH; Cupples LA; Quertermous T; Maerz W; Hengstenberg C; Blankenberg S; Ouwehand WH; Hall AS; Deloukas P; Thompson JR; Stefansson K; Roberts R; Thorsteinsdottir U; O'Donnell CJ; McPherson R; Erdmann J; Samani NJ; Consortium C (2011) Large-scale association analysis identifies 13 new susceptibility loci for coronary artery disease. NATURE GENETICS, 43 , pp. 333-U153.

Mather AN; Fairbairn TA; Ball SG; Greenwood JP; Plein S (2011) Reperfusion haemorrhage as determined by cardiovascular MRI is a predictor of adverse left ventricular remodelling and markers of late arrhythmic risk. HEART, 97 , pp. 453-459.

Cleland JGF; Calvert M; Freemantle N; Arrow Y; Ball SG; Bonser RS; Chattopadhyay S; Norell MS; Pennell DJ; Senior R (2011) The Heart Failure Revascularisation Trial (HEART). EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE, 13 , pp. 227-233.

Maqbool A; Keswani A; Galloway S; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG; Turner NA; Porter KE (2011) MMP-3 (5A/6A) Polymorphism Does Not Influence Human Smooth Muscle Cell Invasion. Journal of Surgical Research, .

Radjenovic A; Bigands JD; Larghat A; Ridgway JP; Ball SG; Greenwood JP; Jerosch-Herold M; Plein S (2010) Estimates of Systolic and Diastolic Myocardial Blood Flow by Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE, 64 , pp. 1696-1703.

Assimes TL; Holm H; Kathiresan S; Reilly MP; Thorleifsson G; Voight BF; Erdmann J; Willenborg C; Vaidya D; Xie C; Patterson CC; Morgan TM; Burnett MS; Li M; Hlatky MA; Knowles JW; Thompson JR; Absher D; Iribarren C; Go A; Fortmann SP; Sidney S; Risch N; Tang H; Myers RM; Berger K; Stoll M; Shah SH; Thorgeirsson G; Andersen K; Havulinna AS; Herrera JE; Faraday N; Kim Y; Kral BG; Mathias RA; Ruczinski I; Suktitipat B; Wilson AF; Yanek LR; Becker LC; Linsel-Nitschke P; Lieb W; Koenig IR; Hengstenberg C; Fischer M; Stark K; Reinhard W; Winogradow J; Grassl M; Grosshennig A; Preuss M; Schreiber S; Wichmann H; Meisinger C; Yee J; Friedlander Y; Do R; Meigs JB; Williams G; Nathan DM; MacRae CA; Qu L; Wilensky RL; Jr MWH; Qasim AN; Hakonarson H; Pichard AD; Kent KM; Satler L; Lindsay JM; Waksman R; Knouff CW; Waterworth DM; Walker MC; Mooser VE; Marrugat J; Lucas G; Subirana I; Sala J; Ramos R; Martinelli N; Olivieri O; Trabetti E; Malerba G; Pignatti PF; Guiducci C; Mirel D; Parkin M; Hirschhorn JN; Asselta R; Duga S; Musunuru K; Daly MJ; Purcell S; Eifert S; Braund PS; Wright BJ; Balmforth AJ; Ball SG; Ouwehand WH; Deloukas P; Scholz M; Cambien F; Huge A; Scheffold T; Salomaa V; Girelli D; Granger CB; Peltonen L; McKeown PP; Altshuler D; Melander O; Devaney JM; Epstein SE; Rader DJ; Elosua R; Engert JC; Anand SS; Hall AS; Ziegler A; O'Donnell CJ; Spertus JA; Siscovick D; Schwartz SM; Becker D; Thorsteinsdottir U; Stefansson K; Schunkert H; Samani NJ; Quertermous T; Genet MI; Control WTC; Cardiogenics (2010) Lack of Association Between the Trp719Arg Polymorphism in Kinesin-Like Protein-6 and Coronary Artery Disease in 19 Case-Control Studies. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY, 56 , pp. 1552-1563.

Mather AN; Crean A; Abidin N; Worthy G; Ball SG; Plein S; Greenwood JP (2010) Relationship of dysglycemia to acute myocardial infarct size and cardiovascular outcome as determined by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, 12 .

Maqbool A; West RM; Galloway SL; Drinkhill MJ; Mary DASG; Greenwood JP; Ball SG (2010) Resting sympathetic nerve activity is related to age, sex and arterial pressure but not to alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor subtype. JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, 28 , pp. 2084-2093.

Turner NA; Warburton P; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG; Porter KE (2010) Modulatory effect of interleukin-1 alpha on expression of structural matrix proteins, MMPs and TIMPs in human cardiac myofibroblasts: Role of p38 MAP kinase. MATRIX BIOLOGY, 29 , pp. 613-620.

Mughal RS; Scragg JL; Lister P; Warburton P; Riches K; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG; Turner NA; Porter KE (2010) Cellular mechanisms by which proinsulin C-peptide prevents insulin-induced neointima formation in human saphenous vein. DIABETOLOGIA, 53 , pp. 1761-1771.

Craddock N; Hurles ME; Cardin N; Pearson RD; Plagnol V; Robson S; Vukcevic D; Barnes C; Conrad DF; Giannoulatou E; Holmes C; Marchini JL; Stirrups K; Tobin MD; Wain LV; Yau C; Aerts J; Ahmad T; Andrews TD; Arbury H; Attwood A; Auton A; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Barrett JC; Barroso I; Barton A; Bennett AJ; Bhaskar S; Blaszczyk K; Bowes J; Brand OJ; Braund PS; Bredin F; Breen G; Brown MJ; Bruce IN; Bull J; Burren OS; Burton J; Byrnes J; Caesar S; Clee CM; Coffey AJ; Connell JMC; Cooper JD; Dominiczak AF; Downes K; Drummond HE; Dudakia D; Dunham A; Ebbs B; Eccles D; Edkins S; Edwards C; Elliot A; Emery P; Evans DM; Evans G; Eyre S; Farmer A; Ferrier IN; Feuk L; Fitzgerald T; Flynn E; Forbes A; Forty L; Franklyn JA; Freathy RM; Gibbs P; Gilbert P; Gokumen O; Gordon-Smith K; Gray E; Green E; Groves CJ; Grozeva D; Gwilliam R; Hall A; Hammond N; Hardy M; Harrison P; Hassanali N; Hebaishi H; Hines S; Hinks A; Hitman GA; Hocking L; Howard E; Howard P; Howson JMM; Hughes D; Hunt S; Isaacs JD; Jain M; Jewell DP; Johnson T; Jolley JD; Jones IR; Jones LA; Kirov G; Langford CF; Lango-Allen H; Lathrop GM; Lee J; Lee KL; Lees C; Lewis K; Lindgren CM; Maisuria-Armer M; Maller J; Mansfield J; Martin P; Massey DCO; McArdle WL; McGuffin P; McLay KE; Mentzer A; Mimmack ML; Morgan AE; Morris AP; Mowat C; Myers S; Newman W; Nimmo ER; O'Donovan MC; Onipinla A; Onyiah I; Ovington NR; Owen MJ; Palin K; Parnell K; Pernet D; Perry JRB; Phillips A; Pinto D; Prescott NJ; Prokopenko I; Quail MA; Rafelt S; Rayner NW; Redon R; Reid DM; Renwick A; Ring SM; Robertson N; Russell E; St Clair D; Sambrook JG; Sanderson JD; Schuilenburg H; Scott CE; Scott R; Seal S; Shaw-Hawkins S; Shields BM; Simmonds MJ; Smyth DJ; Somaskantharajah E; Spanova K; Steer S; Stephens J; Stevens HE; Stone MA; Su Z; Symmons DPM; Thompson JR; Thomson W; Travers ME; Turnbull C; Valsesia A; Walker M; Walker NM; Wallace C; Warren-Perry M; Watkins NA; Webster J; Weedon MN; Wilson AG; Woodburn M; Wordsworth BP; Young AH; Zeggini E; Carter NP; Frayling TM; Lee C; McVean G; Munroe PB; Palotie A; Sawcer SJ; Scherer SW; Strachan DP; Tyler-Smith C; Brown MA; Burton PR; Caulfield MJ; Compston A; Farrall M; Gough SCL; Hall AS; Hattersley AT; Hill AVS; Mathew CG; Pembrey M; Satsangi J; Stratton MR; Worthington J; Deloukas P; Duncanson A; Kwiatkowski DP; McCarthy MI; Ouwehand WH; Parkes M; Rahman N; Todd JA; Samani NJ; Donnelly P; Control WTC (2010) Genome-wide association study of CNVs in 16,000 cases of eight common diseases and 3,000 shared controls. NATURE, 464 , pp. 713-U86.

Brown BD; Nsengimana J; Barrett JH; Lawrence RA; Steiner L; Cheng S; Bishop DT; Samani NJ; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Hall AS (2010) An evaluation of inflammatory gene polymorphisms in sibships discordant for premature coronary artery disease: the GRACE-IMMUNE study. BMC MEDICINE, 8 .

Riches K; Morley ME; Turner NA; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG; Peers C; Porter KE (2009) Chronic hypoxia inhibits MMP-2 activation and cellular invasion in human cardiac myofibroblasts. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY, 47 , pp. 391-399.

Turner NA; Das A; Warburton P; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG; Porter KE (2009) Interleukin-1 alpha stimulates proinflammatory cytokine expression in human cardiac myofibroblasts. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY, 297 , pp. H1117-H1127.

Younger JF; Plein S; Crean A; Ball SG; Greenwood JP (2009) Visualization of coronary venous anatomy by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, 11 .

Greenwood JP; Maredia N; Radjenovic A; Brown JM; Nixon J; Farrin AJ; Dickinson C; Younger JF; Ridgway JP; Sculpher M; Ball SG; Plein S (2009) Clinical evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging in coronary heart disease: The CE-MARC study. TRIALS, 10 .

Savva J; Maqbool A; White HL; Galloway SL; Yuldasheva NY; Ball SG; West RM; De Boer RA; Van Veldhuisen DJ; Balmforth AJ; Grp MS (2009) Polymorphisms of Adrenoceptors are Not Associated With an Increased Risk of Adverse Event in Heart Failure: A MERIT-HF Substudy. JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE, 15 , pp. 435-441.

Tregouet D; Koenig IR; Erdmann J; Munteanu A; Braund PS; Hall AS; Grosshennig A; Linsel-Nitschke P; Perret C; DeSuremain M; Meitinger T; Wright BJ; Preuss M; Balmforth AJ; Ball SG; Meisinger C; Germain C; Evans A; Arveiler D; Luc G; Ruidavets J; Morrison C; van der Harst P; Schreiber S; Neureuther K; Schaefer A; Bugert P; El Mokhtari NE; Schrezenmeir J; Stark K; Rubin D; Wichmann H; Hengstenberg C; Ouwehand W; Ziegler A; Tiret L; Thompson JR; Cambien F; Schunkert H; Samani NJ; Consor WTCC; Consortium C (2009) Genome-wide haplotype association study identifies the SLC22A3-LPAL2-LPA gene cluster as a risk locus for coronary artery disease. NATURE GENETICS, 41 , pp. 283-285.

Kathiresan S; Altschuler D; Anand S; Ardissino D; Asselta R; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Berger K; Berglund G; Bernardi F; Bernardinelli L; Berzuini C; Braund PS; Burnett M; Burtt N; Cambien F; Casari G; Celli P; Chen Z; Corrocher R; Daly MJ; Deloukas P; Devaney J; Do R; Duga S; Elosua R; Engert JC; Epstein SE; Erdmann J; Ferrario M; Fetiveau R; Fischer M; Friedlander Y; Gabriel SB; Galli M; Gianniny L; Girelli D; Grosshennig A; Guiducci C; Hakonarson HH; Hall AS; Havulinna AS; Hengstenberg C; Hirschhorn JN; Holm H; Huge A; Kent KM; Konig IR; Korn JM; Li M; Lieb W; Lindsay JM; Linsel-Nitschke P; Lucas G; MacRae CA; Mannucci PM; Marrugat J; Martinelli N; Marziliano N; Matthai W; McCarroll SA; McKeown PP; Meigs JB; Melander O; Merlini PA; Mirel D; Morgan T; Musunuru K; Nathan DM; Nemesh J; O'Donnell CJ; Olivieri O; Ouwehand W; Parkin M; Patterson CC; Peltonen L; Peyvandi F; Piazza A; Pichard AD; Preuss M; Purcell S; Qasim A; Rader DJ; Ramos R; Reilly MP; Ribichini F; Rossi M; Sala J; Salomaa V; Samani NJ; Satler L; Scheffold T; Scholz M; Schreiber S; Schunkert H; Schwartz SM; Siscovick DS; Spertus JA; Spreafico M; Stark K; Stefansson K; Stoll M; Subirana I; Surti A; Thompson JR; Thorleifsson G; Thorsteinsdottir U; Tubaro M; Voight BF; Waksman R; Wichmann H; Wilensky R; Williams G; Wright BJ; Xie C; Yee J; Ziegler A; Zonzin P; Consortium MIG (2009) Genome-wide association of early-onset myocardial infarction with single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variants. NATURE GENETICS, 41 , pp. 334-341.

Erdmann J; Grosshennig A; Braund PS; Koenig IR; Hengstenberg C; Hall AS; Linsel-Nitschke P; Kathiresan S; Wright B; Tregouet D; Cambien F; Bruse P; Aherrahrou Z; Wagner AK; Stark K; Schwartz SM; Salomaa V; Elosua R; Melander O; Voight BF; O'Donnell CJ; Peltonen L; Siscovick DS; Altshuler D; Merlini PA; Peyvandi F; Bernardinelli L; Ardissino D; Schillert A; Blankenberg S; Zeller T; Wild P; Schwarz DF; Tiret L; Perret C; Schreiber S; El Mokhtari NE; Schaefer A; Maerz W; Renner W; Bugert P; Klueter H; Schrezenmeir J; Rubin D; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Wichmann H; Meitinger T; Fischer M; Meisinger C; Baumert J; Peters A; Ouwehand WH; Deloukas P; Thompson JR; Ziegler A; Samani NJ; Schunkert H; Thrombosis IA; Con MIG; Consor WTCC; Consortium C (2009) New susceptibility locus for coronary artery disease on chromosome 3q22.3. NATURE GENETICS, 41 , pp. 280-282.

Ainscough JFX; Drinkhill MJ; Sedo A; Turner NA; Brooke DA; Balmforth AJ; Ball SG (2009) Angiotensin II type-1 receptor activation in the adult heart causes blood pressure-independent hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction. CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH, 81 , pp. 592-600.

Mughal RS; Warburton P; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG; Turner NA; Porter KE (2009) PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR gamma-INDEPENDENT EFFECTS OF THIAZOLIDINEDIONES ON HUMAN CARDIAC MYOFIBROBLAST FUNCTION. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, 36 , pp. 478-486.

Plein S; Younger JF; Sparrow P; Ridgway JP; Ball SG; Greenwood JP (2008) Cardiovascular magnetic resonance of scar and ischemia burden early after acute ST elevation and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, 10 .

Younger JF; Plein S; Barth J; Ridgway JP; Ball SG; Greenwood JP (2007) Troponin-I concentration 72 h after myocardial infarction correlates with infarct size and presence of microvascular obstruction. HEART, 93 , pp. 1547-1551.

Greenwood JP; Younger JF; Ridgway JP; Sivananthan MU; Ball SG; Plein S (2007) Safety and diagnostic accuracy of stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging vs exercise tolerance testing early after acute ST elevation myocardial infarction. HEART, 93 , pp. 1363-1368.

Newport M; Sirugo G; Lyons E; Vannberg F; Hill AVS; Bradbury LA; Farrar C; Pointon JJ; Wordsworth P; Brown MA; Franklyn JA; Heward JM; Simmonds MJ; Gough SCL; Seal S; Stratton MR; Rahman N; Ban M; Goris A; Sawcer SJ; Compston A; Conway D; Jallow M; Newport M; Sirugo G; Rockett KA; Kwiatkowski DP; Bumpstead SJ; Chaney A; Downes K; Ghori MJR; Gwilliam R; Hunt SE; Inouye M; Keniry A; King E; McGinnis R; Potter S; Ravindrarajah R; Whittaker P; Widden C; Withers D; Deloukas P; Leung H; Nutland S; Stevens HE; Walker NM; Todd JA; Easton D; Clayton DG; Burton PR; Tobin MD; Barrett JC; Evans DM; Morris AP; Cardon LR; Cardin NJ; Davison D; Ferreira T; Pereira-Gale J; Hallgrimsdottir IB; Howie BN; Marchini JL; Spencer CCA; Su Z; Teo YY; Vukcevic D; Donnelly P; Bentley D; Brown MA; Cardon LR; Caulfield M; Clayton DG; Compston A; Craddock N; Deloukas P; Donnelly P; Farrall M; Barton A; Bruce IN; Donovan H; Eyre S; Gilbert PD; Hilder SL; Hinks AM; John SL; Potter C; Silman AJ; Symmons DPM; Thomson W; Worthington J; Gough SCL; Hall AS; Hattersley AT; Hill AVS; Kwiatkowski DP; Matthew CG; McCarthy MI; Ouwehand WH; Parkes M; Pembrey M; Rahman N; Samani NJ; Stratton MR; Todd JA; Worthington J; Mitchell SL; Newby PR; Brand OJ; Carr-Smith J; Pearce SHS; Gough SCL; McGinnis R; Keniry A; Deloukas P; Reveille JD; Zhou X; Bradbury LA; Sims A; Dowling A; Taylor J; Doan T; Cardon LR; Davis JC; Pointon JJ; Savage L; Ward MM; Learch TL; Weisman MH; Wordsworth P; Brown MA (2007) Association scan of 14,500 nonsynonymous SNPs in four diseases identifies autoimmunity variants. NATURE GENETICS, 39 , pp. 1329-1337.

Burns J; Sivananthan MU; Ball SG; Mackintosh AF; Mary DASG; Greenwood JP (2007) Relationship between central sympathetic drive and magnetic resonance Imaging-determined left ventricular mass in essential hypertension - Response. CIRCULATION, 116 , pp. E417-E417.

Burns J; Sivananthan MU; Ball SG; Mackintosh AF; Mary DASG; Greenwood JP (2007) The role of the central sympathetic drive in the growth of left ventricular mass as determined by MRI in human essential hypertension. JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION, 21 , pp. 840-841.

Turner NA; Mughal RS; Warburton P; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG; Porter KE (2007) Mechanism of TNF alpha-induced IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6 expression in human cardiac fibroblasts: Effects of statins and thiazolidinediones. CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH, 76 , pp. 81-90.

Burns J; Sivananthan MU; Ball SG; Mackintosh AF; Mary DASG; Greenwood JP (2007) The contribution of central sympathetic drive to the reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy in human hypertension as quantified by microneurography and MRI. JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION, 21 , pp. 841-841.

Samani NJ; Erdmann J; Hall AS; Hengstenberg C; Mangino M; Mayer B; Dixon RJ; Meitinger T; Braund P; Wichmann H; Barrett JH; Koenig IR; Stevens SE; Szymczak S; Tregouet D; Iles MM; Pahlke F; Pollard H; Lieb W; Cambien F; Fischer M; Ouwehand W; Blankenberg S; Balmforth AJ; Baessler A; Ball SG; Strom TM; Braenne I; Gieger C; Deloukas P; Tobin MD; Ziegler A; Thompson JR; Schunkert H; WTCCC; Consortium C (2007) Genomewide association analysis of coronary artery disease. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 357 , pp. 443-453.

Turner NA; Aley PK; Hall KT; Warburton P; Galloway S; Midgley L; O'Regan DJ; Wood IC; Ball SG; Porter KE (2007) Simvastatin inhibits TNF alpha-induced invasion of human cardiac myofibroblasts via both MMP-9-dependent and -independent mechanisms. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY, 43 , pp. 168-176.

Turner NA; Hall KT; Ball SG; Porter KE (2007) Selective gene silencing of either MMP-2 or MMP-9 inhibits invasion of human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells. ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 193 , pp. 36-43.

Turner NA; Hall KT; Ball SG; Porter KE (2007) Selective gene silencing of either MMP-2 or MMP-9 inhibits invasion of human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells.. Atherosclerosis, 193 (1), pp. 36-43.

Burton PR; Clayton DG; Cardon LR; Craddock N; Deloukas P; Duncanson A; Kwiatkowski DP; McCarthy MI; Ouwehand WH; Samani NJ; Todd JA; Donnelly P; Barrett JC; Davison D; Easton D; Evans D; Leung H; Marchini JL; Morris AP; Spencer CCA; Tobin MD; Attwood AP; Boorman JP; Cant B; Everson U; Hussey JM; Jolley JD; Knight AS; Koch K; Meech E; Nutland S; Prowse CV; Stevens HE; Taylor NC; Walters GR; Walker NM; Watkins NA; Winzer T; Jones RW; McArdle WL; Ring SM; Strachan DP; Pembrey M; Breen G; St Clair D; Caesar S; Gordon-Smith K; Jones L; Fraser C; Green EK; Grozeva D; Hamshere ML; Holmans PA; Jones IR; Kirov G; Moskvina V; Nikolov I; O'Donovan MC; Owen MJ; Collier DA; Elkin A; Farmer A; Williamson R; McGuffin P; Young AH; Ferrier IN; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Barrett JH; Bishop DT; Iles MM; Maqbool A; Yudasheve N; Hall AS; Braund PS; Dixon RJ; Mangino M; Stevens S; Thompson JR; Bredin F; Tremelling M; Parkes M; Drummond H; Lees CW; Nimmo ER; Satsangi J; Fisher SA; Forbes A; Lewis CM; Onnie CM; Prescott NJ; Sanderson J; Mathew CG; Barbour J; Mohiuddin MK; Todhunter CE; Mansfield JC; Ahmad T; Cummings FR; Jewell DP; Webster J; Brown MJ; Lathrop GM; Connell J; Dominiczak A; Marcano CAB; Burke B; Dobson R; Gungadoo J; Lee KL; Munroe PB; Newhouse SJ; Onipinla A; Wallace C; Xue M; Caulfield M; Farrall M; Barton A; Bruce IN; Donovan H; Eyre S; Gilbert PD; Hider SL; Hinks AM; John SL; Potter C; Silman AJ; Symmons DPM; Thomson W; Worthington J; Dunger DB; Widmer B; Frayling TM; Freathy RM; Lango H; Perry JRB; Shields BM; Weedon MN; Hattersley AT; Hitman GA; Walker M; Elliott KS; Groves CJ; Lindgren CM; Rayner NW; Timpson NJ; Zeggini E; Newport M; Sirugo G; Lynons E; Vannberg F; Brown MA; Franklyn JA; Heward JM; Simmonds MJ; Hill AVS; Bradbury LA; Farrar C; Pointon JJ; Wordsmith P; Gough SCL; Seal S; Stratton MR; Rahman N; Ban M; Goris A; Sawcer SJ; Compston A; Conway D; Jallow M; Bumpstead SJ; Chaney A; Downes K; Ghori MJR; Gwilliam R; Inouye M; Keniry A; King E; McGinnis R; Potter S; Ravindrarajah R; Whittaker P; Withers D; Easton D; Pereira-Gale J; Hallgrimsdottir IB; Howie BN; Su Z; Teo YY; Vukcevic D; Bentley D; Caulfield M; Mathew CG; Worthington J; Consortium WTCC; Syndicate BRAGGS; Collaborat BCS (2007) Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls. NATURE, 447 , pp. 661-678.

Younger J; Crean A; Ball S; Plein S; Greenwood J (2007) The feasibility of whole heart magnetic resonance coronary angiography to determine the course of anomalous coronary arteries. HEART, 93 , pp. A61-A62.

Burns J; Sivananthan MU; Ball SG; Mackintosh AF; Mary DASG; Greenwood JP (2007) Relationship between central sympathetic drive and magnetic resonance imaging-determined left ventricular mass in essential hypertension. CIRCULATION, 115 , pp. 1999-2005.

Nsengimana J; Samani NJ; Hall AS; Balmforth AJ; Mangino M; Yuldasheva N; Maqbool A; Braund P; Burton P; Bishop DT; Ball SG; Barrett JH; Study BHFFH (2007) Enhanced linkage of a locus on chromosome 2 to premature coronary artery disease in the absence of hypercholesterolemia. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS, 15 , pp. 313-319.

Ooi SY; Ball SG (2007) ACE inhibitors: their properties and role in hypertension. Prescriber, , pp. 48-56.

Alfakih K; Brown B; Lawrance RA; Warburton P; Maqbool A; Walters K; Samani NJ; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Hall AS (2007) Effect of a common X-linked angiotensin II type 2-receptor gene polymorphism (-1332 G/A) on the occurrence of premature myocardial infarction and stenotic atherosclerosis requiring revascularization. Atherosclerosis, 195 (1), pp. e32-e38.

Savva J; Maqbool A; Turner NA; Warburton P; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (2006) Identification of haplotypes of the human A(2c)-adrenergic receptor and their associated function. HEART, 92 .

Burns J; Mary DASG; Mackintosh AF; Ball SG; Greenwood JP (2006) Bendroflumethiazide therapy increases sympathetic nerve activity in essential hypertension. JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, 24 , pp. S385-S386.

Ball SG (2006) beta blockers for the treatment of primary hypertension. LANCET, 367 , pp. 209-210.

Smith WHT; Nair RU; Adamson D; Kearney MT; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (2005) Somatostatin receptor subtype expression in the human heart: differential expression by myocytes and fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, 187 , pp. 379-386.

Samani NJ; Burton P; Mangino M; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Barrett J; Bishop T; Hall A; Samani NJ; Stribling J; de Souza P; Singh R; Ogleby J; Ridge C; Logtens E; Hopwood L; Faulkes J; Hall AS; Morrell C; Jackson BM; Barthorpe L; Burtonwood N; Dorsch M; Durham N; Forest C; Kelly N; Hall V; Lawrance R; Oldham J; Rennie E; Smith A; Thompson S; Balmforth AJ; Mangino M; Adams S; Braund P; Clemitson JR; Bodycote C; Koekemoer A; Raleigh S; Maqbool A; Yuldasheva N; Ellis S; Mason S; Midgley L; Pleasants N; Cuthbert R; Tooze PF; Braund P; Mangino M; Platts M; Fox J; Dixon R; Barrett J; Burton P; Mangino M; Sheehan N; Scurrah K; Bishop T; Pickett S; Walters K; Nsengimana J; Hall AS; Samani NJ; Balmforth AJ; Burton P; Bishop T; Ball SG; Grp BHFFHSR (2005) A genomewide linkage study of 1,933 families affected by premature coronary artery disease: The British heart foundation (BHF) family heart study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS, 77 , pp. 1011-1020.

Samani NJ; Hall AS; Balmforth AJ; Mangino M; Barrett JA; Bishop T; Burton PB; Ball SG (2005) A genome-wide linkage study of 1933 families affected by premature coronary artery disease: The British Heart Foundation Family Heart Study. Circulation (Baltimore), 112 (17), pp. pp.413.

Scragg JL; Warburton P; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (2005) Constitutive activity of human angiotensin II type-1 receptors by G(q) overexpression. BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, 334 , pp. 134-139.

Plein S; Greenwood JP; Ridgway JP; Cranny G; Ball SG; Sivananthan MU (2005) Cardiac magnetic resonance-directed intervention in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome - Reply. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY, 46 , pp. 564-564.

Scragg JL; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (2005) Constitutive activity of endogenous receptors by inducible G(q) overexpression. BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, 331 , pp. 1239-1244.

Plein S; Radjenovic A; Ridgway JP; Barmby D; Greenwood JP; Ball SG; Sivananthan MU (2005) Coronary artery disease: Myocardial perfusion MR imaging with sensitivity encoding versus conventional angiography. RADIOLOGY, 235 , pp. 423-430.

Ooi SM; McLenachan J; Thompson D; Ball SG (2005) Circulating systemic levels of interleukin and interleukin-10. Do they indicate the presence of a vulnerable plaque?. Heart, 91 , pp. pp.15.

Alfakih K; Lawrance RA; Maqbool A; Walters K; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Hall AS (2005) The clinical significance of a common, functional, X-linked angiotensin II type 2-receptor gene polymorphism (-1332 G/A) in a cohort of 509 families with premature coronary artery disease. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, 26 , pp. 584-589.

Turner NA; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG; Porter KE (2005) Simvastatin inhibits MMP-9 secretion from human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK pathway and reducing MMP-9 mRNA levels. FASEB JOURNAL, 19 , pp. 804-+.

Turner NA; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG; Porter KE (2005) Simvastatin inhibits MMP-9 secretion from human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK pathway and reducing MMP-9 mRNA levels. The FASEB Journal, 19 (7), pp. 1-21.

Sedo AJ; Drinkhill MJ; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Ainscough JFX (2005) Conditional expression of human Angiotensin II type I receptors in adult mouse cardiac myocytes. Transgenic Research, 14 (4), pp. pp.520.

Plein S; Greenwood JP; Ridgway JP; Cranny G; Ball SG; Sivananthan MU (2004) Assessment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY, 44 , pp. 2173-2181.

Porter KE; Turner NA; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG (2004) Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces human atrial myofibroblast proliferation, invasion and MMP-9 secretion: inhibition by simvastatin. CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH, 64 , pp. 507-515.

Ooi SY; Ball SG (2004) Statins and rheumatoid arthritis. LANCET, 364 , pp. 1853-1854.

Turner NA; O'Regan DJ; Ball SG; Porter KE (2004) Endothelin-1 is an essential co-factor for beta(2)-adrenergic receptor-induced proliferation of human cardiac fibroblasts. FEBS LETTERS, 576 , pp. 156-160.

Burns J; Mary DASG; Mackintosh AF; Ball SG; Greenwood JP (2004) Arterial pressure lowering effect of chronic atenolol therapy in hypertension and vasoconstrictor sympathetic drive. HYPERTENSION, 44 , pp. 454-458.

Scragg JL; Fearon IM; Boyle JP; Ball SG; Varadi G; Peers C (2004) Alzheimer's amyloid peptides mediate hypoxic up-regulation of L-type Ca2+ channels. FASEB JOURNAL, 18 , pp. 150-+.

Dorsch MF; Lawrance RA; Sapsford RJ; Durham N; Das R; Jackson BM; Morrell C; Ball SG; Robinson MB; Hall AS; Grp EMMACES (2004) An evaluation of the relationship between specialist training in cardiology and implementation of evidence-based care of patients following acute myocardial infarction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY, 96 , pp. 335-340.

Burns J; Mary DASG; Mackintosh AF; Ball SG; Greenwood JP (2004) The effect of atenolol on central sympathetic drive and its peripheral vasomotor effect in hypertension. JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, 22 , pp. S68-S68.

Smith PA; Meaney JFM; Graham LN; Stoker JB; Mackintosh AF; Mary DASG; Ball SG (2004) Relationship of neurovascular compression to central sympathetic discharge and essential hypertension. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY, 43 , pp. 1453-1458.

Porter KE; Turner NA; O'Regan DJ; Balmforth AJ; Ball SG (2004) Simvastatin reduces human atrial myofibroblast proliferation independently of cholesterol lowering via inhibition of RhoA. CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH, 61 , pp. 745-755.

Ooi SY; Ball SG (2004) ACE inhibitors: their properties and current place in therapy.. Prescriber, 15 (9), pp. 33-44.

Burns J; Sivananthan UM; Mary D; Mackintosh AF; Ball SG; Greenwood JP (2004) Sympathetic nerve activity and the magnitude of left ventricular mass (LVM) assessed by cardiac MRI. . Heart, 90 (2), pp. pp.199.

Burns J; Sivananthan UM; Mary D; Mackintosh AF; Ball SG; Greenwood JP (2004) Relationship between sympathetic activation in hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy quantified by magnetic resonance imaging. . American Journal of Hypertension, 17 (5), pp. pp.28.

Dorsch MF; Barrett JA; Lawrance RA; Maqbool A; Durham NP; Ellis S; Samani NJ; Bishop T; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ; Hall AS (2003) Premature coronary artery disease shows no evidence of linkage to loci encoding for tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases. JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS, 48 , pp. 508-513.

White HL; de Boer RA; Maqbool A; Greenwood D; van Veldhuisen DJ; Cuthbert R; Ball SG; Hall AS; Balmforth AJ; Grp MS (2003) An evaluation of the beta-1 adrenergic receptor Arg389Gly polymorphism in individuals with heart failure: a MERIT-HF sub-study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE, 5 , pp. 463-468.

Ball SG (2003) Benefits of blood pressure reduction in diabetic patients. JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, 21 , pp. S31-S36.

Cleland JGF; Freemantle N; Ball SG; Bonser RS; Camici P; Chattopadhyay S; Dutka D; Eastaugh J; Hampton J; Large S; Norell MS; Pennell DJ; Pepper J; Sanda S; Senior R; Smith D (2003) The heart failure revascularisation trial (HEART): rationale, design and methodology. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE, 5 , pp. 295-303.

Ball SG; White WB (2003) Debate: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors versus angiotensin II receptor blockers - A gap in evidence-based medicine. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY, 91 , pp. 15G-21G.

Turner NA; Porter KE; Smith WHT; White HL; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (2003) Chronic beta(2)-adrenergic receptor stimulation increases proliferation of human cardiac fibroblasts via an autocrine mechanism. CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH, 57 , pp. 784-792.

Goldstein S; Deedwania P; Gotleib S; Wikstrand J; Ball SG (2003) Metroprolol CR/XL on black patients with heart failure (from the Metroprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in Chronic Heart Failure) . American Journal of Cardiology, 92 , pp. 478-480.

Greenwood JP; Plein S; Barmby D; Ridgway JP; Ball SG; Sivananthan UM (2003) 2D and 3D Delayed Enhancement MRI following Acute Myocardial Infarction: Variability of infarct quantification . Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 5 (1), pp. pp.100.

Berkin KE; Ball SG (2003) Heart Failure management. . Prescriber, 14 (22), pp. 49-50.

Ball SG (2003) Benefits of blood pressure reduction in diabetic patients. Journal of Hypertension, Supplement, 21 (6), pp. S31-S36.

Plein S; Greenwood JP; Ridgway JP; Ball SG; Sivananthan UM (2003) Cardiac MRI in non-ST elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes. Circulation, 108 (17), pp. pp.378.

Fox KM; Bertrand M; Ferrari R; Ball SG; Hall AS (2003) Efficacy of perindopril in reduction of cardiovascular events among patients with stable coronary artery disease: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial (the EUROPA study) . The Lancet, 362 (9386), pp. 782-788.

Janosi A; Ghali JK; Herlitz J; Czuriga I; Klibaner M; Wikstrand J; Hjalmarson H; Ball SG (2003) Metroprolol CR/XL in postmyocardial infarction patients with chronic heart failure: Experiences from MERIT-HF . American Heart Journal, 146 , pp. 721-728.

Agis-Torres A; Ball SG; Vaughan PFT (2002) Chronic treatment with nicotine or potassium attenuates depolarisation-evoked noradrenaline release from the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y. NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS, 331 , pp. 167-170.

Dickstein K; Kjekhus J; Ball SG (2002) Effects of losartan and captopril on mortality and morbidity in high-risk patients after acute myocardial infarction: the OPTIMAAL randomised trial. The Lancet, 360 (9335), pp. 752-760.

White HL; Maqbool A; McMahon AD; Yates L; Ball SG; Hall AS; Balmforth AJ (2002) An evaluation of the beta-1 adrenergic receptor Arg389Gly polymorphism in individuals at risk of coronary events - A WOSCOPS substudy. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, 23 , pp. 1087-1092.

Ball SG (2002) Thrombolysis: too old and too young. HEART, 87 , pp. 312-313.

Wikstrand J; Hjalmarson A; Waagstein F; Fagerberg B; Goldstein S; Kjekshus J; Wedel H; Ball SG (2002) Dose of Metoprolol CR/XL and Clinical Outcomes in Heart Failure Patients. Analysis of the Experience in Merit-HF. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 40 (3), pp. 491-498.

Torp-Pedersen C; Kober L; Ball SG; Hall AS; Brentdorp B; Ottesen MM; Berning J; Jensen G; Hampton J; Zilles P; Erbele S; Carlsen J (2002) The incomplete bucindolol evaluation in acute myocardial infarction trial (BEAT). [Clinical Trial. Evaluation Studies. Multicenter Study. Randomized Controlled Trial]. European Journal of Heart Failure, 4 (4), pp. 495-499.

Hall AS; Ball SG (2002) MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet, 360 (23-33).

Berkin KE; Ball SG (2002) Modern approaches to heart failure treatment (Drug Review II). Prescriber, 13 (22), pp. 63-71.

Ball SG (2001) Should all patients with heart failure now receive an ACE inhibitor. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE, 3 , pp. 635-636.

White HL; Maqbool A; McMahon A; Yates L; Ball SG; Hall AS; Balmforth AJ (2001) The Gly389 variant of the beta 1-adrenergic receptor does not confer protection against coronary events. CIRCULATION, 104 , pp. 285-285.

Berkin KE; Ball SG (2001) Essential hypertension: the heart and hypertension. HEART, 86 , pp. 467-475.

Kennedy J; Mogensen CE; Ball SG; Castaigne AD; Commerford PJ; Distiller L; Fisher BM; Gonzalez-Jaunatey J; Nosadini R; Novials A; Ostergren J; Palma-Gamiz J; Perrone-Filardi P; Schipperheijn JJ; Senges J; Trevisan R (2001) What is the relevance of the hope study in general practice?. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, 55 , pp. 449-457.

Ball SG (2001) Why patients with heart failure die. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, 22 , pp. 1523-1524.

Dorsch MF; Lawrance RA; Sapsford RJ; Oldham J; Greenwood DC; Jackson BM; Morrell C; Ball SG; Robinson MB; Hall AS; Grp EMMACES (2001) A simple benchmark for evaluating quality of care of patients following acute myocardial infarction. HEART, 86 , pp. 150-154.

Turner NA; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (2001) The mechanism of angiotensin Ii-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 activation is independent of angiotensin AT(1A) receptor internalisation. CELLULAR SIGNALLING, 13 , pp. 269-277.

Ball SG (2001) Why patients with heart failure die. European Heart Journal, 22 (17), pp. 1523-1524.

Berkin KE; Ball SG (2000) First dose hypotension after myocardial infarction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY, 76 , pp. 5-6.

Fearon IM; Ball SG; Peers C (2000) Clotrimazole inhibits the recombinant human cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel alpha 1C subunit . British Journal of Pharmacology, 129 (3), pp. 547-554.

Flather MD; Yusuf S; Kober L; Pfeffer M; Hall AS; Murray GD; Torp-Pedersen C; Ball SG; Pogue J; Braunwald E; Moye L (2000) For the ACE- inhibitor Myocardial Infarction Collaborative Group. Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left ventricle dysfunction: a systemic overview of data from individual patients. The Lancet, 355 (9215), pp. 1575-1581.

Ball SG (2000) Discontinuation of doxazosin arm of ALLHAT. Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack [letter]. The Lancet, 355 (9214), pp. 1558.

Levine SB; Fagerberg B; Waagstein F; Kjekshus J; Wikstrand J; El AD; Dietz R; Neuhaus KL; Janosi A; Thorgeirsson G; Dunselman PH; Gullestad L; Kuch J; Herlitz J; Rickenbacher P; Ball SG; Gottlieb S; Deedwania P (2000) Effects of controlled-release metoprolol on total mortality, hospitalizations, and well-being in patients with heart failure: the Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF). . Journal of Neuroscience, 283 (10), pp. 1295-1302.

Fearon IM; Issacsohn I; Koch S; Varadi G; Ball SG; Peers C (2000) Splice variants reveal the region involved in oxygen sensing by recombinant human L-type Ca2+ channels. Circulation Research, 87 (7), pp. 537-539.

Spargias KS; Lindsay SJ; Kawar GI; Greenwood DC; Cowan JC; Ball SG; Hall AS (1999) QT dispersion as a predictor of long-term mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction and clinical evidence of heart failure. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, 20 , pp. 1158-1165.

Spargias KS; Ball SG; Hall AS (1999) The prognostic significance of a history of systemic hypertension in patients randomised to either placebo or ramipril following acute myocardial infarction: evidence from the AIRE study. JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION, 13 , pp. 511-516.

Spargias KS; Hall AS; Ball SG (1999) Safety concerns about digoxin after acute myocardial infarction. LANCET, 354 , pp. 391-392.

Spargias KS; Lindsay SJ; Hall AS; Cowan JC; Ball SG (1999) Ramipril reduces QT dispersion in patients with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY, 83 , pp. 969-+.

Maqbool A; Hall AS; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (1999) Common polymorphisms of beta(1)-adrenoceptor: identification and rapid screening assay. LANCET, 353 , pp. 897-897.

Danks K; Wade JA; Batten TFC; Walker JH; Ball SG; Vaughan PFT (1999) Redistribution of F-actin and large dense-cored vesicles in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y in response to secretagogues and protein kinase Calpha activation. Molecular Brain Research, 64 (2), pp. 236-245.

Spargias KS; Hall AS; Greenwood DC; Ball SG (1999) beta blocker treatment and other prognostic variables in patients with clinical evidence of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction: evidence from the AIRE study. HEART, 81 , pp. 25-32.

Fearon IM; Palmer ACV; Balmforth AJ; Ball SG; Varadi G; Peers C (1999) Modulation of recombinant human cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel alpha1C subunits by redox agents and hypoxia. . Journal of Physiology, 514 (3), pp. 629-637.

Ball SG (1999) Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolo CR/XL randomised intervention trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT_HF). The Lancet, 353 , pp. 2001-2007.

Stephens N; Drinkhill MJ; Hall AS; Ball SG; Heagerty AM (1998) Structure and in vitro function of human subcutaneous small arteries in mild heart failure. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY, 274 , pp. C1298-C1305.

Ball SG (1998) Beta-blockers and antithrombotics for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction [editorial; comment]. . European Heart Journal, 19 (1), pp. 14-15.

Fearon IM; Palmer ACV; Balmforth AJ; Mikala G; Ball SG; Peers C (1998) Inhibition of recombinant human cardiac L-type Ca 2+ channel alpha 1C subunits by 3-isobtyl-1-methylxanthine. . European Journal of Pharmacology, 342 (2-3), pp. 353-358.

Ball SG; Hall AS (1998) Indications for ACE inhibitors in the early treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Systematic overview of individual data from 100,000 patients in randomised trials. Circulation (Baltimore), 97 , pp. 2202-2212.

Spargias KS; Ball SG (1998) Clinical implications for the Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy extension (AIREX) Study. . International Journal of Clinical Practice. Symposium Supplement, 94 , pp. 32-36.

Hall AS; Murray GD; Ball SG (1997) Follow-up study of patients randomly allocated ramipril or placebo for heart failure after acute myocardial infarction: AIRE Extension (AIREX) study. LANCET, 349 , pp. 1493-1497.

Cleland JGF; Erhardt L; Murray G; Hall AS; Ball SG (1997) Effect of ramipril on morbidity and mode of death among survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure - A report from the AIRE Study Investigators. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, 18 , pp. 41-51.

Goodall AR; Turner NA; Walker JH; Ball SG; Vaughan PFT (1997) Activation of protein kinase C-alpha and translocation of the myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate correlate with phorbol ester-enhanced noradrenaline release from SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. . Journal of Neurochemistry, 68 (1), pp. 392-401.

Megamy SG; Hall AS; Ball SG (1997) ACE inhibitors after acute myocardial infarction: selection of patients and adjuvant . Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 30 (1), pp. S40-S45.

Fearon IM; Palmer ACV; Balmforth AJ; Ball SG; Mikala G; Schwartz A; Peers C (1997) Hypoxia inhibits the recombinant alpha1C subunit of the human cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel. . Journal of Physiology, 500 (3), pp. 551-556.

Ball SG; Hjalmarson A; Goldstein S; Wedel H; Elallaf D; Vitovec J; Aldershville J; Halinen M (1997) Rationale, design and organisation of the metoprolol CR/XL randomised intervention trial in heart failure (MERIT-HF). American Journal of Cardiology, 80 (9B), pp. 54J-58J.

Goodall AR; Danks K; Walker JH; Ball SG; Vaughan PFT (1997) Occurrence of two types of secretory vesicles in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y. . Journal of Neurochemistry, 68 (4), pp. 1542-1552.

Balmforth AJ; Lee AJ; Warburton P; Donnelly D; Ball SG (1997) The conformational change responsible for AT1 receptor activation is dependent upon two juxtaposed asparagine residues on transmembrane helices III and VII. . Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272 (7), pp. 4245-4251.

Balmforth AJ; Shepherd FH; Warburton P; Ball SG (1997) Evidence of an important and direct role for protein kinase C in agonist-induced phosphorylation leading to desensitization of the angiotensin AT1A receptor. . British Journal of Pharmacology, 122 (7), pp. 1469-1477.

Megarry SG; Sapsford R; Hall AS; Ball SG (1997) Do ACE inhibitors provide protection for the heart in the clinical setting of acute myocardial infarction?. DRUGS, 54 , pp. 48-58.

McDonald RL; Roberts DJ; Palmer AC; Ball SG; Vaughan PFT; Peers C (1997) Regulation of [Ca++]i in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells expressing recombinant rat angiotensin1A receptors by angiotensin II and carbachol. . Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 281 (3), pp. 1257-1263.

Balmforth AJ; Lee AJ; Shepherd FH; Warburton P; Donnelly D; Ball SG (1997) G-protein-coupled receptors for peptide hormones: angiotensin II receptors. . Biochemical Society Transactions, 25 (3), pp. 1041-1046.

Balmforth AJ; Lee AJ; Warburton P; Donnelly D; Ball SG (1997) The specificity of Peptide-Binding of the Angiotensin AT1 receptor is Dependent on an Interaction Between Transmembrane Helices III and VII. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272 , pp. 4245-4251.

Hall AS; Sapsford R; Megarry SG; Ball SG (1996) Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system after acute myocardial infarction - Treat first, select later?. HEART, 76 , pp. 73-78.

Narang R; Cleland JGF; Erhardt L; Ball SG; Coats AJS; Cowley AJ; Dargie HJ; Hall AS; Hampton JR; PooleWilson PA (1996) Mode of death in chronic heart failure - A request and proposition for more accurate classification. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, 17 , pp. 1390-1403.

Ball SG; Hall AS (1996) Who should be treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors after myocardial infarction?. AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL, 132 , pp. 244-250.

Ball SG; Hall AS (1996) How ACE inhibitors reduce death from myocardial infarction: hypotheses from the AIRE study. Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy study.. Br J Clin Pract Suppl, 84 , pp. 31-35.

Reynolds G; Hall AS; Ball SG (1996) What have the ACE inhibitor trials in postmyocardial patients with left ventricular dysfunction taught us?. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 49 , pp. S35-S39.

Grosman H; Ball SG (1996) Bilateral spontaneous dissecting aneurysm of the internal carotid arteries: report of two cases. . Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal, 47 (5), pp. 365-369.

Lindsay HSJ; Ball SG (1996) ACE inhibitors in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction. . Reviews in Contemporary Pharmacotherapy, 7 (1), pp. 39-53.

Turner NA; Walker JH; Ball SG; Vaughan PFT (1996) Down-regulation or long-term inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) reduces noradrenaline release evoked via either PKC-dependent or PKC-independent pathways in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. . Neuroscience Letters, 220 , pp. 37-40.

Ball SG; Moss AJ (1996) Management of heart failure: current status and future aspects. . European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 49 ((supplement 1)), pp. pp.S1.

Turner NA; Walker JH; Ball SG; Vaughan PFT (1996) Phorbol ester-enhanced noradrenaline secretion correlates with the presence and activity of protein kinase C-alpha in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. . Journal of Neurochemistry, 66 (6), pp. 2381-2389.

Martinez C; Ball SG (1995) Cost-effectiveness of ramipril therapy for patients with clinical evidence of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. . British Journal of Clinical Practice, 49 (78), pp. 875-880.

McDonald RL; Balmforth AJ; Palmer ACV; Ball SG; Peers C; Vaughan PFT (1995) The effect of the angiotensin ll (AT 1A) receptor stably transfected into human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells on oradrenaline release and changes in intracellular calcium. . Neuroscience Letters, 199 , pp. 115-118.

Vaughan PFT; Kaye DF; Ball SG; Reeve HL; Peers C (1995) The effect of barium on [3H] noradrenaline release from the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y. . European Journal of Neuroscience, 7 (5), pp. 875-880.

Hall AS; Ball SG (1995) Clinical Background to the use of ACE iinhibitor therapy after myocardial infarction. . Journal of Cardiovascular Risk, 2 (5), pp. 396-405.

Latini R; Maggioni AP; Flather MD; Sleight P; Tognoni G; Ball SG (1995) ACE-Inhibitor Use in Patients with Myocardial Infarction. Summary of Evidence from Clinical Trials. . Circulation, 92 , pp. 3132-3137.

Hall AS; Ball SG (1995) ACE-inhibition after myocardial infarction. Practical aspects based on the AIRE study. . Thoraxcentre Journal, 7 (2), pp. 4-8.

Ball SG; Wintersgill HP; Warburton P; Bryson S; Balmforth AJ (1995) Glucocorticoids regulate the expression of angiotensin AT1 receptors, in the human hepatoma cell line, PLC-PRF-5.. European Journal of Pharmacology, 288 , pp. 365-371.

Hall AS; Ball SG (1995) Update on the use of ACE-inhibition therapy after acute myocardial infarction. . Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 4 (2), pp. 143-146.

Balmforth AJ; Lee AJ; Bajaj P; Dickinson CJ; Warburton P; Ball SG (1995) Functional domains of the c-terminus of the rat angiotensin AT1a receptor.. European Journal of Pharmacology, 291 , pp. 135-141.

Ball SG; Hall AS; Murray GD (1995) Angiotensin -- Converting Enzyme Inhibitors after Myocardial Infarction: Indications and Timing.. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 25 (7), pp. 42S-46S.

BALL S; HALL A; TAN L (1994) INHIBITION OF ACE/KININASE-II AFTER MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION - ADDENDUM. CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH, 28 , pp. 199-200.

Balmforth AJ; Bryson S; Aylett AJ; Warburton P; Ball SG; Pun KT; Middlemiss D; Drew GM (1994) Comparative pharmacology of recominant rat AT 1A AT 1B and human AT1 receptors expressed by transfected COS-M6 cells. British Journal of Pharmacology, 112 , pp. 277-281.

Hall AS; Ball SG (1994) Inhibition of ACE/kininase-ll, acute myocardial and survial (Review). Cardiovascular Research, 28 , pp. 190-198.

Balmforth AJ; Bryson S; Aylett AJ; Warburton P; Ball SG; Pun KT; Middlemiss D; Drew GM (1994) Comparative pharmacology of recombinant rat AT1A, AT1B and human AT1 receptors expressed by transfected COS-M6 cells.. British Journal of Pharmacology, (112), pp. 277-281.

Turner NA; Ball SG; McMorris FA; Rumsby MG; Vaughan PFT; Walker JH (1994) A Role for protein kinase C subtypes alpha and epsilon in phorbol-ester-enhanced K+ - and carbachol-evoked noradrenaline release from the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y. . Biochemical Journal, 297 , pp. 407-413.

Ball SG (1994) ACE inhibitors: a patient lifeline?. The Practitioner, 238 , pp. 848-852.

Hall AS; Ball SG (1994) ACE- inhibitor therapy after myocardial infarction. A new treatment strategy. . None, , pp. 57-62.

Ball SG (1994) ACE-inhibitors post Ml: Where are we now?. Prescriber, (supplement), pp. 3-8.

Ball SG; Hall AS; Murray GD (1994) ACE-inhibition, atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction - The AIRE study in practice. . European Heart Journal, 15 , pp. 20-25.

Ball SG; Hall AS (1994) What to expect from ACE-inhibitors after myocardial infarction. . British Heart Journal, 72 , pp. S70-S74.

Ball SG; Hall AS (1994) ACE-inhibition after myocardial infarction. Practical aspects based on the AIRE study.. None, , pp. 7-10.

Vaughan PFT; Kaye DF; Reeve HL; Ball SG; Peers C (1993) Nicotinic receptor-mediated release of noradrenalinein the human neuroplastoma SH-SY5Y.. Journal of Neurochemistry, 60 , pp. 2159-2166.

Hall AS; Bryson S; Vaughan PFT; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (1993) Pharmacological characterization of the dopamine receptor coupled to cyclic AMP formation expressed by rat mesenteric artery vascular smooth muscle cells in culture.. British Journal of Pharmacology, 110 , pp. 681-686.

Ball SG (1993) The effect of inhibitors of eicosanoid metabolism on release of [3H] noradrenaline from the human neuroblastoma, SH-SY5Y.. Journal of Neurochemistry, 60 , pp. 1365-1371.

Hall AS; Bryson S; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (1993) Phenoxybenzamine mediated inhibition of the vascular dopamine D1 receptor.. European Journal of Pharmacology, 247 , pp. 249-255.

Ball SG; Hall AS; Mackintosh AF; Winter C; Tan LB; Cowan JC; Reynolds GW; Akbary MA; Bender N; Rangoonwala B; Stonier P (1993) Effect of ramipril and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure. Lancet, 342 (8875), pp. 821-828.

Hall AS; Ball SG (1993) Phaeochromocytoma . None, 43 , pp. S29-S38.

Otterstad JE; Davies M; Ball SG; Erikseen J; Birkin E; Virk S; Rynning SE; Rodevand O; Hansson L; Khokar AA; Areskog NH; Nylander E; Smith S; Marlow HF; Bergbrandt A; Birkin E; Erikseen J (1993) Left Ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial ischaemia in hypertension. . European Heart Journal, 14 , pp. 1622-1628.

Ball SG (1993) Early or Late ACE Inhibition After Myocardial Infarction. . Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 22 , pp. S18-S21.

Wintersgill HP; Warburton P; Bryson S; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (1992) Characterisation of the angiotensin II receptor expressed by the human hepatoma cell line,PLC-PRF-5.. European Journal of Pharmacology, 227 , pp. 283-291.

Bryson S; Drew GM; Hall AS; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (1992) Pharmacological characterization of the dopamine receptor expressed by rat glomerular mesangial cells in culture. . European Journal of Pharmacology, 225 , pp. 1-7.

Bryson S; Warburton P; Wintersgill HP; Drew GM; Michel AD; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (1992) Induction of the angiotensin AT2 receptor subtype expression by differentiation of the neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid, NG-108-15.. European Journal of Pharmacology, 225 , pp. 119-127.

Hall AS; Bryson S; Ball SG; Balmforth AJ (1991) Pharmacological characterization of the B-adrenoceptor coupled to cyclic AMP formation expressed by rat mesentric artery vascular smooth muscle cells in culture. . Journal of Hypertension. Supplement, 9 (supplement 6), pp. S96-S97.

Balmforth AJ; Warburton P; Ball SG (1990) Homologous Desensitization of the D1-dopamine receptor.. Journal of Neurochemistry, 55 , pp. 2111-2116.

Balmforth AJ; Yasunari K; Vaughan PFT; Ball SG (1989) Glucocorticoids vascular smooth muscle cells express dopamine and prostaglandin E1-mediated cyclic AMP formation by the cultured human astrocytoma clone D384. . Journal of Neurochemistry, 52 , pp. 1613-1618.

Balmforth AJ; Yasunari K; Vaughan PFT; Ball SG (1988) Characterization of dopamine and B-Adrenergic receptors linked to cyclic AMP formation in intact cells of the clone D384 derived from a human astrocytoma. . Journal of Neurochemistry, 51 , pp. 1510-1515.