My current research involves analysis of the relationships between components of the haemostatic system, components of the complement system and cardiovascular risk factors. Research includes both clinical and basic science projects and I am particularly interested in translating clinical observations into basic science investigations to elucidate potential novel mechanisms of disease. Current basic science research: I am leading research into the interactions between complement C3 and fibrin after identifying C3 as a novel clot component through a proteomic analysis of solubilised plasma clots. Additional results from our clinical studies have demonstrated that C3 prolongs fibrinolysis and we are currently working to elucidate the mechanism(s) of action funded by an MRC DTA PhD studentship. Current clinical research projects: (1) A study of healthy first degree relatives of South Asians with and without a family history of type 2 diabetes (PI, with Prof PJ Grant as co-investigator) to investigate the relationships between markers of complement activation and cardiometabolic risk factors and fibrin structure/function. (2) A study of patients undergoing renal dialysis (co-investigator, PI Dr M Wright, co-investigator Dr EJ Dunn, Renal Unit SJUH) to determine the influence of vitamin E bonded dialysis membranes on oxidative stress, fibrin structure/function and complement activation in relation to modulation of cardiovascular risk.

Somani R; Richardson VR; Standeven KF; Grant PJ; Carter AM (2012) Elevated Properdin and Enhanced Complement Activation in First-Degree Relatives of South Asian Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes. DIABETES CARE, 35 , pp. 894-899.

Howes JM; Richardson VR; Smith KA; Schroeder V; Somani R; Shore A; Hess K; Ajjan R; Pease RJ; Keen JN; Standeven KF; Carter AM (2012) Complement C3 is a novel plasma clot component with anti-fibrinolytic properties.. Diab Vasc Dis Res, .

Wei J; Li H; Sung F; Lin C; Chiang C; Carter AM; Chuang L (2012) Obesity and clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors are associated with elevated plasma complement C3 in children and adolescents. Pediatric Diabetes, .

La Corte ALC; Carter AM; Rice GI; Duan QL; Rouleau GA; Adam A; Grant PJ; Hooper NM (2011) A Functional XPNPEP2 Promoter Haplotype Leads to Reduced Plasma Aminopeptidase P and Increased Risk of ACE Inhibitor-Induced Angioedema. HUMAN MUTATION, 32 , pp. 1326-1331.

Standeven KF; Hess K; Carter AM; Rice GI; Cordell PA; Balmforth AJ; Lu B; Scott DJ; Turner AJ; Hooper NM; Grant PJ (2011) Neprilysin, obesity and the metabolic syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY, 35 , pp. 1031-1040.

Hess K; Schroeder V; Alzahrani S; Mathai M; Howell G; Smith K; Carter AM; Marx N; Grant PJ; Ajjan R (2011) A novel mechanism for hypofibrinolysis in diabetes: the role of complement C3. JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 9 , pp. 140-140.

de Willige SU; Miedzak M; Carter AM; Lisman T; Rosendaal FR; Grant PJ; Philippou H; Ariens RAS (2011) Proteolytic and genetic variation of the alpha-2-antiplasmin C-terminus in myocardial infarction. BLOOD, 117 , pp. 6694-6701.

Smith NL; Huffman JE; Strachan DP; Huang J; Dehghan A; Trompet S; Lopez LM; Shin S; Baumert J; Vitart V; Bis JC; Wild SH; Rumley A; Yang Q; Uitterlinden AG; Stott DJ; Davies G; Carter AM; Thorand B; Polasek O; McKnight B; Campbell H; Rudnicka AR; Chen M; Buckley BM; Harris SE; Peters A; Pulanic D; Lumley T; de Craen AJM; Liewald DC; Gieger C; Campbell S; Ford I; Gow AJ; Luciano M; Porteous DJ; Guo X; Sattar N; Tenesa A; Cushman M; Slagboom PE; Visscher PM; Spector TD; Illig T; Rudan I; Bovill EG; Wright AF; McArdle WL; Tofler G; Hofman A; Westendorp RGJ; Starr JM; Grant PJ; Karakas M; Hastie ND; Psaty BM; Wilson JF; Lowe GDO; O'Donnell CJ; Witteman JCM; Jukema JW; Deary IJ; Soranzo N; Koenig W; Hayward C (2011) Genetic Predictors of Fibrin D-Dimer Levels in Healthy Adults. CIRCULATION, 123 , pp. 1864-+.

Schroeder V; Carter AM; Dunne J; Mansfield MW; Grant PJ (2010) Proinflammatory and hypofibrinolytic phenotype in healthy first-degree relatives of patients with Type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 8 , pp. 2080-2082.

Schulze F; Carter AM; Schwedhelm E; Ajjan R; Maas R; von Holten R; Atzler D; Grant PJ; Boeger RH (2010) Symmetric dimethylarginine predicts all-cause mortality following ischemic stroke. ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 208 , pp. 518-523.

Polkinghorne VR; Standeven KF; Schroeder V; Carter AM (2009) Role of proteomic technologies in understanding risk of arterial thrombosis. EXPERT REVIEW OF PROTEOMICS, 6 , pp. 539-550.

Morgan AW; Thomson W; Martin SG; Carter AM; Erlich HA; Barton A; Hocking L; Reid DM; Harrison P; Wordsworth P; Steer S; Worthington J; Emery P; Wilson AG; Barrett JH; Register YEA; UK RAGC (2009) Reevaluation of the Interaction Between HLA-DRB1 Shared Epitope Alleles, PTPN22, and Smoking in Determining Susceptibility to Autoantibody-Positive and Autoantibody-Negative Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Large UK Caucasian Population. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM, 60 , pp. 2565-2576.

Standeven KF; de Willige SU; Carter AM; Grant PJ (2009) Heritability of Clot Formation. SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS, 35 , pp. 458-467.

Carter AM (2009) C-Reactive Protein and Nitric Oxide Production in Ischemic Stroke Response. STROKE, 40 , pp. E472-E472.

Williams FMK; Carter AM; Kato B; Falchi M; Bathum L; Surdulescu G; Kyvik KO; Palotie A; Spector TD; Grant PJ; Investigators E (2009) Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Fibrin Clot Phenotypes The EuroCLOT Study. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY, 29 , pp. 600-U302.

Carter AM; Prasad UK; Grant PJ (2009) Complement C3 and C-reactive protein in male survivors of myocardial infarction. ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 203 , pp. 538-543.

Shantikumar S; Grant PJ; Catto AJ; Bamford JM; Carter AM (2009) Elevated C-Reactive Protein and Long-Term Mortality After Ischaemic Stroke Relationship With Markers of Endothelial Cell and Platelet Activation. STROKE, 40 , pp. 977-979.

Carter AM (2009) Response to letter by Tsuda. Stroke, 40 (6).

La Corte AIC; Carter AM; Turner AJ; Grant PJ; Hooper NM (2008) The bradykinin-degrading aminopeptidase P is increased in women taking the oral contraceptive pill. JOURNAL OF THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM, 9 , pp. 221-225.

Samoila OC; Carter AM; Futers ST; Otiman G; Anghel A; Tamas L; Seclaman E (2008) Polymorphic variants of extracellular superoxide dismutase gene in a Romanian population with atheroma. BIOCHEMICAL GENETICS, 46 , pp. 634-643.

Payne KE; Bray PF; Grant PJ; Carter AM (2008) beta(3) integrin haplotype influences gene regulation and plasma von Willebrand factor activity. ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 198 , pp. 280-286.

Hudson BI; Carter AM; Harja E; Kalea AZ; Arriero M; Yang H; Grant PJ; Schmidt AM (2008) Identification, classification, and expression of RAGE gene splice variants. FASEB JOURNAL, 22 , pp. 1572-1580.

Kain K; Carter AM; Grant PJ; Scott EM (2008) Alanine aminotransferase is associated with atherothrombotic risk factors in a British South Asian population. JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 6 , pp. 737-741.

Scott EM; Carter AM; Grant PJ (2008) Association between polymorphisms in the Clock gene, obesity and the metabolic syndrome in man. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY, 32 , pp. 658-662.

Scott EM; Carter AM; Grant PJ (2008) Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Related disorders created by disturbances in the endogenous clock. Journal of the Indian Medical Association, 106 (11), pp. 736-740.

Payne KE; Bray PF; Grant PJ; Carter AM (2008) β3 integrin haplotype influences gene regulation and plasma von Willebrand factor activity. Atherosclerosis, 198 (2), pp. 280-286.

Carter AM; Cymbalista CM; Spector TD; Grant PJ; Invest E (2007) Heritability of clot formation, morphology, and lysis - The EuroCLOT study. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY, 27 , pp. 2783-2789.

Thomson W; Barton A; Ke X; Eyre S; Hinks A; Bowes J; Donn R; Symmons D; Hider S; Bruce IN; Wilson AG; Marinou I; Morgan A; Emery P; Carter A; Steer S; Hocking L; Reid DM; Wordsworth P; Harrison P; Strachan D; Worthington J; Consortium WTCC; Consortium Y (2007) Rheumatoid arthritis association at 6q23. NATURE GENETICS, 39 , pp. 1431-1433.

Standeven KF; Carter AM; Grant PJ; Weisel JW; Chernysh I; Masova L; Lord ST; Ariens RAS (2007) Functional analysis of fibrin gamma-chain cross-linking by activated factor XIII: determination of a cross-linking pattern that maximizes clot stiffness. BLOOD, 110 , pp. 902-907.

Carter AM; Catto AJ; Mansfield MW; Bamford JM; Grant PJ (2007) Predictive variables for mortality after acute ischemic stroke. STROKE, 38 , pp. 1873-1880.

Ajjan R; Carter AM; Somani R; Kain K; Grant PJ (2007) Ethnic differences in cardiovascular risk factors in healthy Caucasian and South Asian individuals with the metabolic syndrome. JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 5 , pp. 754-760.

Rice GI; Jones AL; Grant PJ; Carter AM; Turner AJ; Hooper NM (2006) Circulating activities of angiotensin-converting enzyme, its homolog, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, and neprilysin in a family study. HYPERTENSION, 48 , pp. 914-920.

Somani R; Grant PJ; Kain K; Catto AJ; Carter AM (2006) Complement C3 and C-reactive protein are elevated in South Asians independent of a family history of stroke. STROKE, 37 , pp. 2001-2006.

Ajjan RA; Grant PJ; Futers TS; Brown JM; Carter AM (2006) The association of complement C3 genotype with coronary artery disease, markers of the metabolic syndrome and C3 plasma levels. THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 95 , pp. 393-394.

Ajjan R; Grant PJ; Futers TS; Brown J; Carter AM (2006) The association of complement C3 genotype with coronary artery disease, markers of the metabolic syndrome and C3 plasma levels. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 95 (2), pp. 393-395.

Rice GI; Jones AL; Grant PJ; Carter AM; Turner AJ; Hooper NM (2006) Circulating activities of angiotensin-converting enzyme, its homolog, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, and neprilysin in a family study. Hypertension, 48 (5), pp. 914-920.

Ajjan R; Grant PJ; Futers TS; Brown JM; Cymbalista CM; Boothby M; Carter AM (2005) Complement C3 and C-reactive protein levels in patients with stable coronary artery disease. THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 94 , pp. 1048-1053.

Carter AM (2005) Inflammation, thrombosis and acute coronary syndromes.. Diab Vasc Dis Res, 2 (3), pp. 113-121.

Carter AM; Bennett CE; Bostock JA; Grant PJ (2005) Metformin reduces C-reactive protein but not complement factor C3 in overweight patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. DIABETIC MEDICINE, 22 , pp. 1282-1284.

Scott EM; Carter AM; Findlay JBC (2005) The application of proteomics to diabetes. Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, 2 (2), pp. 54-60.

Carter AM; Anagnostopoulou K; Mansfield MW; Grant PJ (2003) Soluble P-selectin levels, P-selectin polymorphisms and cardiovascular disease. JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 1 , pp. 1718-1723.

Standeven KF; Grant PJ; Carter AM; Scheiner T; Weisel JW; Ariens RAS (2003) Functional analysis of the fibrinogen A alpha Thr312Ala polymorphism - Effects on fibrin structure and function. CIRCULATION, 107 , pp. 2326-2330.

Lim BCB; Ariens RAS; Carter AM; Weisel JW; Grant PJ (2003) Genetic regulation of fibrin structure and function: complex gene-environment interactions may modulate vascular risk. LANCET, 361 , pp. 1424-1431.

Kain K; Blaxill JM; Catto AJ; Grant PJ; Carter AM (2003) Re: "Increased fibrinogen levels among South Asians versus whites in the United Kingdom are not explained by common polymorphisms" - Reply. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 157 , pp. 665-665.

Kain K; Carter AM; Bamford JM; Grant PJ; Catto AJ (2003) Gender differences in coagulation and fibrinolysis in white subjects with acute ischemic stroke. JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 1 , pp. 390-392.

Moayyedi P; Carter AM; Braunholtz D; Catto AJ (2003) Helicobacter pylori infection in subjects with acute ischaemic stroke. DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE, 35 , pp. 16-19.

Lim BCB; Ariëns RAS; Carter AM; Weisel JW; Grant PJ (2003) Genetic regulation of fibrin structure and function: Complex gene-environment interactions may modulate vascular risk. Lancet, 361 (9367), pp. 1424-1431.

Kain K; Blaxill JM; Catto AJ; Grant PJ; Carter AM (2003) Author's reply (Increaded fibrinogen levels among South Asians versus Whites in the United Kingdom are not explained by common polymorphisms). American Journal of Epidemiology, (157), pp. 664-666.

Kohler HP; Ariens RAS; Catto AJ; Carter AM; Miller GJ; Cooper JA; Mansfield MW; Standeven KF; Grant PJ (2002) Factor XIII A-subunit concentration predicts outcome in stroke subjects and vascular outcome in healthy, middle-aged men. BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, 118 , pp. 825-832.

Kain K; Blaxill JM; Catto AJ; Grant PJ; Carter AM (2002) Increased fibrinogen levels among south Asians versus whites in the united kingdom are not explained by common polymorphisms. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 156 , pp. 174-179.

Carter AM; Sachchithananthan M; Stasinopoulos S; Maurer F; Medcalf RL (2002) Prothrombin G20210A is a bifunctional gene polymorphism. THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, 87 , pp. 846-853.

Kain K; Catto AJ; Carter AM; Young J; Bamford J; Bavington J; Grant PJ (2001) Decreased fibrinolytic potential in South Asian women with ischaemic cerebrovascular disease. BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, 114 , pp. 155-161.

Carter AM; Grant PJ (2001) To lyse or not to lyse: Is it genetic?. Italian Heart Journal, 2 (9), pp. 652-655.

Catto AJ; Mccormack LJ; Mansfield MW; Carter AM; Bamford JM; Robinson P; Grant PJ (2000) Apolipoprotein E: polymorphism in cerebrovascular disease. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 101 , pp. 399-404.

Carter AM; Catto AJ; Kohler HP; Ariens RAS; Stickland M; Grant PJ (2000) alpha-fibrinogen Thr312Ala polymorphism and venous thromboembolism. Blood, 96 (3), pp. 1177-1179.

Carter AM; Catto AJ; Grant PJ (1999) Association of the alpha-fibrinogen Thr312Ala polymorphism with post stroke mortality in subjects with atrial fibrillation.. Circulation (Baltimore), 99 (18), pp. 2423-2426.

Carter AM; Catto AJ; Bamford JM; Grant PJ (1999) Association of the platelet glycoprotein IIb HPA-3 polymorphism with survival after acute ischemic stroke. . Stroke, 30 (12), pp. 2606-2611.

Mansfield MW; Catto AJ; Carter AM; Grant PJ (1998) Fibrinolytic measurements in type 2 diabetic patients with acute cerebral infarction. . Diabetic Medicine, 15 (11), pp. 953-957.

Grant PJ; Carter AM (1998) Platelet P1a polymorphism, myocardial infarction and extent of coronary artery disease. Circulation (Baltimore), 98 , pp. 826-827.

Carter AM; Catto AJ; Grant PJ (1998) Elevated levels of t-PA antigen in subjects with coronary artery disease and acute cerebrovascular disease. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 80 , pp. 632-636.

Kohler HP; Stickland M; Ossei-Gerning N; Carter AM; Mikkola H; Grant PJ (1998) Association of a common polymorphism in the factor XIII gene with myocardial infarction. . Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 79 (1), pp. 8-13.

Salooja N; Catto AJ; Carter AM; Tudenham EG; Grant PJ (1998) Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase C677T genotype and stroke. . Clinical and Laboratory Haematology, 20 (6), pp. 357-361.

Carter AM; Catto AJ; Bamford JM; Grant PJ (1998) Platelet GP IIIa PlA and GP Ib variable number tandem repeat polymorphisms and markers of platelet activation in acute stroke. . Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 18 (7), pp. 1124-1131.

Carter AM; Catto AJ; Grant PJ (1998) Determinants of tPA antigen and associations with coronary artery disease and acute cerebrovascular disease. . Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 80 (4), pp. 632-636.

Catto AJ; Kohler HP; Bannan S; Stickland M; Carter AM; Grant PJ (1998) Factor XIII Val 34 Leu: a novel association with primary intracerebral hemorrhage. . Stroke, 29 (4), pp. 813-816.

Kohler HP; Carter AM; Stickland M; Grant PJ (1998) Levels of activated FXII in survivors of myocardial infarction--association with circulating risk factors and extent of coronary artery disease. . Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 79 (1), pp. 14-18.

Carter AM; Mansfield MW; Grant PJ (1998) Polymorphisms of platelet glycoproteins in relation to macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus. . Diabetic Medicine, 15 (4), pp. 315-319.

Heywood DM; Carter AM; Catto AJ; Grant PJ (1997) Polymorphisms of the factor VII gene and circulating FVII:C levels in relation to acute cerebrovascular disease and poststroke mortality. . Stroke, 28 (4), pp. 816-821.

Carter AM; Grant PJ (1997) Vascular homeostasis, adhesion molecules, and macrovascular disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. [Review] [104 refs] . Diabetic Medicine, 14 (6), pp. 423-432.

Moayyedi P; Carter AM; Catto AJ; Heppell RM; Grant PJ (1997) Validation of a rapid whole blood test for the diagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection. British Medical Journal, 314 , pp. 119.

Catto AJ; Carter AM; Barrett JH; Stickland MH; Davies JA; Grant PJ (1997) Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G promoter polymorphism and levels in subjects with cerebrovascular disease . Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 77 (4), pp. 730-734.

Carter AM; Przepiorka D; Wilson IJ; Grant PJ (1997) Association of the platelet Pl(A) polymorphism of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and the fibrinogen Bbeta 448 polymorphism with myocardial infarction and extent of coronary artery disease. . Circulation (Baltimore), 96 (5), pp. 1424-1431.

Carter AM; Catto AJ; Davis MM; Grant PJ (1997) Gender-specific associations of the fibrinogen B beta 448 polymorphism, fibrinogen levels, and acute cerebrovascular disease. . Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 17 (3), pp. 589-594.

Lansbury AJ; Catto AJ; Carter AM; Grant PJ (1997) The Paraoxonase GIn/Arg polymorphism and cerebrovascular disease. . Cerebrovascular Diseases, 7 , pp. 353-356.

Catto AJ; Carter AM; Barrett JH; Bamford J; Rice PJ; Grant PJ (1997) Von Willebrand factor and factor VIII:C in acute cerebrovascular disease. Relationship to stroke, subtype and mortality. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 77 (6), pp. 1104-1108.

Carter AM; Ossei-Gerning N; Grant PJ (1996) Platelet glycoprotein IIIa PlA polymorphism and myocardial infarction [letter; comment]. . New England Journal of Medicine, 335 (14), pp. 1072-1073.

Carter AM; Mansfield MW; Wood R; Grant PJ (1996) Beta-fibrinogen gene-455 G/A polymorphism and fibrinogen levels. Risk factors for coronary artery disease in subjects with NIDDM. . Diabetes Care, 19 (11), pp. 1265-1268.

Carter AM; Ossei-Gerning N; Grant PJ (1996) Platelet glycoprotein IIIa PlA polymorphism in young men with myocardial infarction [letter; comment]. . The Lancet, 348 (9025), pp. 485-486.

Carter AM; Moayyedi P; Catto AJ; Elder JB; Grant PJ (1996) The influence of Helicobacter pylori status on circulating levels of the coagulation factors fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, factor VII, and factor VIII. . Helicobacter, 1 (1), pp. 65-69.

Catto AJ; Carter AM; Barrett JH; D'Amore A; Davies JA; Grant PJ (1996) Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and cerebrovascular disease. . Stroke, 27 (3), pp. 573.

Catto AJ; Carter AM; Grant PJ (1996) Factor V Leiden mutation and completed stroke [letter; comment]. . Stroke, 27 (3), pp. 573.